In 1916, tensions between the United States and Mexican revolutionary forces escalated dramatically, culminating in an unprecedented American military incursion into Mexico to pursue Francisco “Pancho” Villa. This operation, known as the Mexican Expedition or the Punitive Expedition, was led by General John J.…
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On March 16, 1935, Adolf Hitler, the Chancellor of Germany, initiated a significant step in his aggressive military agenda by rearming Germany, violating the Treaty of Versailles and other post-World War I agreements. This decision had profound consequences for Europe and ultimately played a…
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On March 15, 1917 it was all over in Russia as Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicated the throne, marking the end of the 304-year reign of the Romanov dynasty. His resignation was the culmination of years of mounting political instability, social unrest, and…
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Beware of the ides of March, for on that fateful day in 44 BC, one of the most notorious assassinations in history unfolded, forever altering the course of ancient Rome. Julius Caesar, the formidable dictator who had risen to unprecedented power, was betrayed by…
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On March 14, 1967, President John F. Kennedy’s remains were reinterred at their permanent resting place in Arlington National Cemetery in a meticulously planned and solemn ceremony. This event took place more than three years after his assassination in Dallas, Texas, on November 22,…
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On March 14, 1794, Eli Whitney, a young inventor from Massachusetts, impacted the landscape of American agriculture, industry, and the proliferation of slavery in the United States with his patent for the cotton gin. Born in 1765, Whitney had exhibited a knack for engineering…
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On March 13, 1639, Harvard College—America’s first higher education institution—was officially named in honor of John Harvard, an English clergyman whose generous bequest helped secure its future. Though founded in 1636 by the Massachusetts Bay Colony, the institution lacked a formal name until Harvard’s…
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Following the attack on Poland in 1939, Nazi forces made Kraków the capital of the General Government, an occupied territory not initially annexed into the Third Reich. Soon after the invasion, persecution of the city’s Jewish residents began, marked by the compulsory wearing of…
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On March 12, 2009, Bernard L. Madoff, once a respected figure on Wall Street, pleaded guilty to orchestrating the largest Ponzi scheme in history. His admission in a Manhattan courtroom marked the downfall of a financier who had previously served as chairman of Nasdaq…
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Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Fireside Chats were a series of radio broadcasts delivered by the 32nd President of the United States to the American people during the turbulent years of the Great Depression and World War II. FDR used this innovative form of communication to…
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