October 24, 1648: The Peace At Westphalia

The signing of the Peace of Westphalia on October 24, 1648, marked one of the most transformative moments in European—and indeed world—history. Concluded in the German cities of Münster and Osnabrück after years of painstaking negotiation, the treaties ended two interconnected conflicts that had…

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October 19, 1943: The ‘White Plague’ Is Cured

On October 19, 1943, in a modest laboratory at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, a quiet scientific revolution took place. A research team led by microbiologist Selman Waksman and his graduate student Albert Schatz successfully isolated streptomycin, the first antibiotic effective against…

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