The late 1790s marked a turning point in American foreign policy, and nothing tested the fledgling country more than the XYZ Affair. Rooted in a failed negotiation with France, the incident triggered a series of events that dramatically altered the course of the French…
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On July 7, 1520, the Spanish and Aztecs fought a battle that would forever change the Western Hemisphere. The Battle of Otumba became a crucial turning point in the Spanish conquest of Mexico and determined the fate of Hernán Cortés and his expedition. In…
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The first convention of the Republican Party, held in Jackson, Michigan, on July 6, 1854, was a watershed moment in American history, ignited by a national outcry against the expansion of slavery. This event marked the birth of a new political force, destined to…
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Violence erupted in Homestead, Pennsylvania, on July 6, 1892, when a conflict between Carnegie Steel and the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers escalated at a plant owned by one of the world’s richest men–Andrew Carnegie. One of the deadliest labor disputes in…
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In the early 1990s, Jeff Bezos, a Wall Street executive with a keen eye for emerging trends, found himself captivated by the exponential growth of internet usage. During a fateful cross-country drive from New York City to Seattle, Bezos’s mind buzzed with possibilities. He…
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On July 5, 1837, an American icon was introduced to the public. Over the past eight decades, SPAM, the popular canned meat product, has become a cultural icon and a staple in many households worldwide. The origins of Spam can be traced back to…
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The Declaration of Independence, adopted on July 4, 1776, was a seminal document that not only marked the birth of the United States but also launched a transformative era: the modern world that lifted billions alive and yet unborn. Its impact reverberated across continents,…
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On July 4, 1802, amidst the backdrop of a new and aspiring nation, West Point, the esteemed United States Military Academy, officially opened its doors. The event marked a significant milestone in American history. Established under President Thomas Jefferson’s vision, West Point’s inception was…
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Pickett’s Charge, often heralded as the high-water mark of the Confederacy, stands as one of the most dramatic and poignant moments in American Civil War history. On the afternoon of July 3, 1863, during the third and final day of the Battle of Gettysburg,…
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On July 3, 1775, George Washington took command of the Continental Army at Cambridge, Massachusetts. The appointment came as tensions and hostilities began to rise between Massachusetts and England following the Battles of Lexington and Concord in that April. After vocal appeals from the…
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