On August 21, 1858, in Ottawa, Illinois, two leading figures in American democracy launched a series of debates over a Senate seat, debating what it means to be free, democracy, and the purpose of the United States. The National Parks Service states that the first debate…
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Hopes for peace were dashed on July 21, 1861. The First Battle of Bull Run shattered the naive expectations of a quick and bloodless Civil War. The battle underscored the harsh reality that the war would be neither swift nor easy, setting the stage…
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The New York Draft Riots of 1863 were among the most violent and destructive events in the history of New York City. They occurred from July 13 to July 16, 1863, during a time of immense social, economic, and political turmoil in the United…
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On July 12, 1862, during the heart of the Civil War, Congress authorized the Medal of Honor for the United States Army a few months following its initial creation for outstanding acts of bravery and heroism among sailors in the Navy by President Lincoln.…
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The dedication of the Lincoln Memorial on May 30, 1922, marked the commemoration of one of the nation’s most revered presidents, Abraham Lincoln. Located on the western end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C., the massive marble monument stands as a tribute to…
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The Republican National Convention of 1860, held from May 16 to May 18 in the bustling city of Chicago, changed the course of American history and led the nation down the road to the Civil War. This convention, taking place in the specially constructed…
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The impeachment trial of President Andrew Johnson, the first such trial in American history, was a highly contentious and politically charged event that culminated in his acquittal on May 16, 1868. Johnson, who ascended to the presidency following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, quickly found himself…
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On the fateful evening of April 14, 1865, President Abraham Lincoln attended a performance of the comedy play “Our American Cousin” at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C. Little did he know that this seemingly ordinary night out would turn into one of the most…
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The Battle of Fort Sumter marked the igniting point of the American Civil War, a cataclysmic conflict that tore the nation apart. Situated on an island at the entrance to Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, Fort Sumter held strategic significance as a federal stronghold in…
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On April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House in Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant, marking a critical moment in American history and effectively ending the Civil War. Lee’s decision to surrender came after several military setbacks…
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