In 1657, the Second Protectorate Parliament—part of what had once been the Long Parliament—made Oliver Cromwell a surprising and controversial offer: the crown of England. This proposal, known as the Humble Petition and Advice, was formally presented to Cromwell on March 31. It represented…
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On February 14, 1779, British explorer and navigator Captain James Cook was killed by Native Hawaiians near Kealakekua Bay on the island of Hawai‘i. His death marked a violent and symbolic end to a career that had significantly expanded European knowledge of the Pacific…
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The Battle of Trafalgar, fought on October 21, 1805, marked a decisive moment in the Napoleonic Wars, shaping the future of European power dynamics. Commanded by Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson, the British Royal Navy faced off against a Franco-Spanish fleet led by French Admiral…
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The Aberfan Disaster, a haunting chapter in the annals of British history, unfolded on October 21, 1966, in the small mining village of Aberfan, South Wales. The disaster was caused by a catastrophic collapse of a colliery spoil tip, a large pile of mining…
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During September 1780, one of America’s earliest heroes turned traitor. Benedict Arnold’s treason stands as one of the most infamous acts of betrayal in American history, forever etched in the annals of the American Revolutionary War. Arnold, a prominent military leader in the Continental…
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On August 24, 1814, a significant and devastating event unfolded in American history—the burning of the White House by British forces. This dramatic episode occurred during the War of 1812, a conflict between the United States and Great Britain that had been raging for…
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On June 2, 1774, the British Parliament passed a series of stringent measures known as the Intolerable Acts, also called the Coercive Acts, aimed at quelling growing unrest in the American colonies, particularly Massachusetts. This decisive action followed the infamous Boston Tea Party of…
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In 1789, the crew of the HMS Bounty launched one of the most famous mutinies of all time. Led by Acting Lieutenant Fletcher Christian, several members of the crew rebelled against the commanding officer, Captain William Bligh. The voyage of the HMS Bounty was commissioned by the British…
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