The Roman Republic, still reeling from the assassination of Julius Caesar the previous year, faced another constitutional crisis in the summer of 43 BC. Caesar’s designated heir—his great-nephew Gaius Octavius, now calling himself Caesar—was only nineteen years old. Yet by August 19 of that…
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Beware of the ides of March, for on that fateful day in 44 BC, one of the most notorious assassinations in history unfolded, forever altering the course of ancient Rome. Julius Caesar, the formidable dictator who had risen to unprecedented power, was betrayed by…
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