On February 13, 1633, Galileo Galilei, the renowned Italian astronomer and physicist, entered Rome to face trial before the Inquisition after being charged with heresy due to his unwavering support for the heliocentric model of the universe. His assertion that the Sun, not the…
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On January 3, 1521, Pope Leo X issued the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem, a move that reshaped Christianity in Europe and excommunicated Martin Luther from the Catholic Church. Born in 1483 in Eisleben, Germany, Luther’s journey toward excommunication began in earnest in 1517 when…
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Thomas Becket’s ascent to the pinnacle of English ecclesiastical power and subsequent assassination is a tale that profoundly shaped the historical landscape of church-state relations across Europe, but especially in Great Britain. Initially serving as a trusted confidant and Chancellor to King Henry II,…
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