The French Revolution’s descent into ideological fury was neither sudden nor unforeseeable; its logic of purification had been incubating for years. By the autumn of 1793, as the radical Jacobin government tightened its grip on the Republic, the revolutionary promise of liberty and citizenship…
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The events of November 9, 1307, sit at the center of one of medieval Europe’s most enduring political dramas: the suppression of the Knights Templar. On that day, Hugues de Pairaud—one of the order’s highest-ranking officers in France—was compelled under duress to issue a…
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On a rainy October 28, 1886, the United States its only queen: the Statue of Liberty. The Franco-American Union and the City of New York organized the dedication ceremonies, which aimed to honor the Statue’s creators and contributors, the people of France and the…
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On October 16, 1793, Marie Antoinette, the Queen of France, met a tragic end through her execution during the tumultuous period of the French Revolution. Her fate was a reflection of the deep-seated discontent and anger of the French populace towards the monarchy and…
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On a crisp autumn day, October 4, 1853, the Ottoman Empire, weakened but defiant, declared war on the Russian Empire, igniting what would become one of the most significant conflicts of the 19th century—the Crimean War. For decades, the Ottoman Empire had been struggling…
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On September 28, 1781, the world began to turn upside down. On the battle-scarred fields of Yorktown, Virginia, the forces of destiny collided. General George Washington, leading the battle-hardened Continental Army, joined forces with French General Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, Comte de Rochambeau, to…
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On September 27, 1066, William the Conqueror set sail on a trip that would change the course of world history, leaving Normandy and sailing toward Britain. He would soon face the most important battle in British history before World War II and be seated…
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On September 21, 1792, the French National Convention made a groundbreaking decision that changed the course of French history: they abolished the monarchy. This act came at a crucial point during the French Revolution, a time of political, social, and economic upheaval. The monarchy,…
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On September 1, 1715, the sun set on the longest-reigning monarch in history. “The story of Louis XIV’s death is worthy of a Shakespearean tragedy,” writes the Palace of Versailles. His health started to decline on August 10 1715 upon his return from a hunting trip…
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On August 22, 1791, “The Pearl of the Antilles,” the French colony of Saint Domingue erupted in flames. The Haitain Revolution had begun as the enslaved held in bondage on the world wealthiest colony fought for their freedom. Spanning from 1791 to 1804, The…
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