On January 9, 1916, the Battle of Gallipoli ended with a decisive Ottoman victory, marking a pivotal moment in World War I. This campaign, spanning from April 25, 1915, to January 1916, represented a daring but unsuccessful Allied attempt to seize control of the…
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On a crisp autumn day, October 4, 1853, the Ottoman Empire, weakened but defiant, declared war on the Russian Empire, igniting what would become one of the most significant conflicts of the 19th century—the Crimean War. For decades, the Ottoman Empire had been struggling…
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