In the middle of November, the sixteenth president was jotting down a speech as he traveled by train from Washington to Pennsylvania to dedicate the most famous battle in American history. The Gettysburg Address, delivered by President Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1863, is…
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On November 18, 1903, the United States secured sweeping control over a ten-mile-wide corridor in Panama, completing an agreement that cleared the way for construction of an interoceanic canal and placed the strategic waterway under near-total American authority. The Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty, signed in Washington…
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On November 18, 1928, the entertainment world experienced a revolutionary moment with the release of Steamboat Willie, an animated short that introduced synchronized sound to cartoons. Produced by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks, this groundbreaking film not only debuted Mickey Mouse to the public…
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On November 18, 1872, Susan B. Anthony found herself at the center of a pivotal moment in American history. A prominent advocate for women’s voting rights and a key figure in the suffrage movement, she was arrested for illegally casting a ballot in the…
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On November 17, 2019, a 55-year-old resident of Hubei Province sought medical attention for an unusual respiratory illness after visiting a market in Wuhan. At the time, the episode attracted no broader notice. China’s vast health-care system regularly confronts flurries of seasonal pneumonias—nothing about…
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The Articles of Confederation, adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777, and submitted to the states for ratification two days later on November 17, marked a crucial step in the formation of the United States. As the first framework for a unified…
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The French Revolution’s descent into ideological fury was neither sudden nor unforeseeable; its logic of purification had been incubating for years. By the autumn of 1793, as the radical Jacobin government tightened its grip on the Republic, the revolutionary promise of liberty and citizenship…
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The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) was established on November 16, 1945. The aim of the new agency was to promote international collaboration in the fields of education, science, and culture. The hope for world leaders was that following the devastation…
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On November 15, 1842, before dawn at Webbers Falls in the Cherokee Nation, a group of enslaved men, women, and children made a collective decision that would reverberate across Indian Territory. They locked their Cherokee owners in their homes, seized guns and ammunition, gathered…
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On November 15, 1971, Intel Corporation released the 4004 microprocessor, marking a transformative moment in technology as the world’s first commercially available single-chip microprocessor. The Intel 4004 was a pioneering invention that condensed the functionality of an entire computing machine into a single integrated…
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